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An examination of international judicial cooperation on resolving trade disputes: Evidence from WTO arbitration cases in Lagos State

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Background of the Study
International judicial cooperation is integral to maintaining fair global trade practices, particularly through mechanisms like WTO arbitration. Disputes arising from trade disagreements are resolved through arbitration panels that enforce international trade rules and ensure compliance (Mitchell, 2023). In Lagos State, the influence of WTO arbitration is reflected in the resolution of trade disputes that affect domestic industries and market stability. This study examines how international judicial cooperation, through WTO arbitration cases, contributes to resolving trade disputes and upholding global trade norms (Nelson, 2024). The research analyzes case studies, arbitration decisions, and legal frameworks to assess the effectiveness of these mechanisms in delivering timely and equitable resolutions. It also considers challenges such as legal complexity, lengthy dispute resolution processes, and differences in national legal interpretations, which may impede the arbitration process (Owens, 2025). Through a comprehensive evaluation, the study seeks to provide insights into the role of international judicial cooperation in fostering a predictable and stable trade environment in Lagos State.

Statement of the problem
Despite the framework provided by the WTO arbitration system, resolving trade disputes in Lagos State remains challenging. Disputes are often prolonged due to complex legal procedures and divergent interpretations of trade norms (Mitchell, 2023). Critics argue that while arbitration offers a structured approach to dispute resolution, its effectiveness is diminished by delays and inconsistent enforcement of decisions (Nelson, 2024). This study addresses whether current international judicial cooperation mechanisms adequately resolve trade disputes in Lagos State or if there are systemic barriers that require reform to enhance dispute resolution efficiency (Owens, 2025).

Objectives of the Study:

 

To evaluate the role of WTO arbitration in resolving trade disputes in Lagos State.

 

 

To identify challenges in the current dispute resolution process.

 

 

To propose recommendations for improving international judicial cooperation in trade matters.

 

Research questions

 

How effective is WTO arbitration in resolving trade disputes in Lagos State?

 

 

What are the main challenges encountered in the arbitration process?

 

 

What reforms can improve the efficiency and fairness of dispute resolution?

 

Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it examines the efficacy of international judicial cooperation through WTO arbitration in resolving trade disputes. The findings will inform policymakers and legal practitioners on strategies to streamline dispute resolution processes, enhancing trade stability and fairness in Lagos State (Owens, 2025).

Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to evaluating WTO arbitration cases in Lagos State and does not cover other dispute resolution mechanisms or broader trade policy issues.

Definitions of terms

International judicial cooperation: Collaborative legal efforts between nations to resolve disputes (Mitchell, 2023).

WTO arbitration: A formal dispute resolution process under the World Trade Organization (Nelson, 2024).

Trade disputes: Conflicts arising from disagreements over trade practices and policies (Owens, 2025).





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